City budget
Saint Petersburg is a major trade gateway, serving as the financial and industrial centre of Russia, with specializations in oil and gas trade;
shipbuilding yards; aerospace industry; technology, including radio, electronics, software, and computers; machine building, heavy machinery
and transport, including tanks and other military equipment; mining; instrument manufacture; ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy (production
of aluminium alloys); chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and medical equipment; publishing and printing; food and catering; wholesale and retail;
textile and apparel industries; and many other businesses.
It was also home to Lessner, one of Russia's two pioneering automobile manufacturers
(along with Russo-Baltic); it was founded by machine tool and boiler maker G.A. Lessner in 1904, with designs by Boris Loutsky, and it
survived until 1910.
Ten per cent of the world's power turbines are made there at the LMZ, which built over two thousand turbines for power plants across
the world. Major local industries are Admiralty Shipyard, Baltic Shipyard, LOMO, Kirov Plant, Elektrosila, Izhorskiye Zavody; also
registered in Saint Petersburg are Sovkomflot, Petersburg Fuel Company and SIBUR among other major Russian and international companies.
Saint Petersburg has three large cargo seaports: Bolshoi Port Saint Petersburg, Kronstadt, and Lomonosov. International cruise liners
have been served at the passenger port at Morskoy Vokzal on the south-west of Vasilyevsky Island. In 2008 the first two berths opened
at the New Passenger Port on the west of the island. The new port is part of the city's "Marine Facade" development project and
is due to have seven berths in operation by 2010.
A complex system of riverports on both banks of the Neva River are interconnected with the system of seaports, thus making Saint
Petersburg the main link between the Baltic Sea and the rest of Russia through the Volga-Baltic Waterway.
The Saint Petersburg Mint (Monetny Dvor), founded in 1724, is one of the largest mints in the world, it mints Russian coins, medals
and badges. Saint Petersburg is also home to the oldest and largest Russian foundry, Monumentskulptura, which made thousands of sculptures
and statues that now grace public parks of Saint Petersburg, as well as many other cities. Monuments and bronze statues of the Tsars,
as well as other important historic figures and dignitaries, and other world-famous monuments, such as the sculptures by Peter Clodt
von Jürgensburg, Paolo Troubetzkoy, Mark Antokolsky, and others, were made there.
In 2007, Toyota opened a Camry plant after investing 5 billion roubles (approx. 200 mln dollars) in Shushary, one of the southern suburbs
of Saint Petersburg. Opel, Hyundai and Nissan have also signed deals with the Russian government to build their automotive plants in
Saint Petersburg. Automotive and auto-parts industry is on the rise there during the last decade.
Saint Petersburg has a large brewery and distillery industry. Known as Russia's "beer capital" due to the supply and quality of local water,
its five large breweries account for over 30% of the country's domestic beer production. They include Europe's second largest brewery
Baltika, Vena (both operated by BBH), Heineken Brewery, Stepan Razin (both by Heineken) and Tinkoff brewery (SUN-InBev).
The city's many local distilleries produce a broad range of vodka brands. The oldest ones is LIVIZ (founded in 1897). Among the youngest is
Russian Standard Vodka introduced in Moscow in 1998, which opened in 2006 a new $60 million distillery in Petersburg (an area of 30,000 m2
(320,000 sq ft), production rate of 22,500 bottles per hour). In 2007 this brand was exported to over 70 countries.
Saint Petersburg has the second largest construction industry in Russia, including commercial, housing and road construction.
In 2006 Saint Petersburg's city budget was 180 billion rubles (about 7 billion US$ at 2006 exchange rates). The federal subject's
Gross Regional Product as of 2016 was 3.7 trillion Russian rubles (or around US$70 billion), ranked 2nd in Russia, after Moscow
and per capita of US$13,000, ranked 12th among Russia's federal subjects, contributed mostly by wholesale and retail trade
and repair services (24.7%) as well as processing industry (20.9%) and transportation and telecommunications (15.1%).
Budget revenues of the city in 2009 amounted to 294.3 billion rubles (about 10.044 billion US$ at 2009 exchange rates), expenses –
336.3 billion rubles (about 11.477 billion US$ at 2009 exchange rates). The budget deficit amounted to about 42 billion rubles.
(about 1.433 billion US$ at 2009 exchange rates).
By 2015, St. Petersburg takes the 4th place on economy scales among all subjects of the Russian Federation, conceding only
to Moscow, the Tyumen and Moscow Region.